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DIE LAGE KURDISTANS UND DES MITTLEREN OSTENS AUS REVOLUTIONÄRER PERSPEKTIVE
Nach den Entwicklungen der vergangenen Monate sehen wir uns als revolutionäre Internationalist:innen mit verschiedenen Fragen und Widersprüchen konfrontiert die zu untersuchen sind. An erster Stelle möchten wir darauf hinweisen, dass sich die geopolitische Situation im Zuge der imperialistischen Kriege mit einer Rasanz entwickelt, die es uns verunmöglicht genaue Prognosen abzugeben. Für uns gilt es in den Geschehnissen das Allgemeine zu erkennen, zu verstehen und daraus unsere nächsten Schritte zu entwickeln.
– Die allgemeine Entwicklung –
Im Aufruf von Abdullah Öcalan wird zur Auflösung und der Entwaffnung der PKK aufgerufen. Dies gilt jedoch keineswegs bedingungslos und zielt nicht auf eine Ende des Kampfes ab, sondern auf einen Erneuerungsprozess der Bewegung. Die militärischen Kräfte in den Bergen haben sich daraufhin zurückgezogen und in eine Position der Verteidigung begeben. Natürlich nehmen sie weiterhin das Recht auf Selbstverteidigung wahr. «Wir sind in der Lage Ankara anzugreifen, wenn es nötig ist.» wie der Kommandant Murat Karayılan klar die Fähigkeiten der Guerilla zum Ausdruck brachte. Derweilen gehen die Angriffe der Türkei nicht nur unvermindert weiter, sie haben sich sogar intensiviert. Das Ganze ist als ein Prozess zu verstehen und um diesen richtig zu bewerten, müssen wir uns einerseits mit der aktuellen Situation der Guerilla in den Bergen Kurdistans, jener Rojavas und andererseits aber auch mit der gesamten Lage im Mittleren Osten sowie den geopolitischen Entwicklung auseinandersetzen.
In den letzten eineinhalb Jahren ist im Mittleren Osten vieles geschehen, der Zusammenbruch des syrischen Regimes und die Machtübernahme durch die dschihadistischen Milizen der Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) unter al-Dscholani, der Genozid in Gaza durch die israelische Armee und ihrer westlichen Verbündeten sowie der Krieg im Libanon um nur einige zu nennen. Die Schwächung der Achse des Widerstandes führte ihrerseits zur weiteren Isolation des iranischen Regimes. Noch immer ist die neue Ordnung in der Region nicht festgeschrieben.
Die Türkei verliert ihre Rolle als stärkste Regionalmacht zunehmend an den israelischen Staat, welcher wiederum durch den US Imperialismus gestützt wird. Entsprechend dieser Entwicklung stellt sich die Frage für die Türkei, wie man sich in Zukunft im Mittleren Osten positionieren kann. Der türkische Faschismus antwortet auf seine politische und wirtschaftliche Krise mit dem Versuch die eigenen Reihen zu schliessen, sprich die innere Front zu stärken. Wie prekär die Lage im inneren der Türkei ist, zeigt die Verhaftung von Ekrem İmamoğlu – dem Bürgermeister von Istanbul. Diese Verhaftung war nur der letzte Tropfen Öl, der die Wut der Massen entfachte. Sie drängen seither auf die Strasse und wenden sich gegen den türkischen Faschismus.
– Die freien Berge Kurdistans –
Der angestossene Prozess ist nicht nur das Ergebnis der geopolitischen Entwicklungen in der Region, sondern auch das der direkten militärischen Konfrontation zwischen dem türkischen Staat und der Guerilla. Insgesamt ist die Kriegssituation in den Bergen als Patt zu bewerten, was an sich ein riesiger Erfolg für die Kräfte der Guerilla darstellt. Dabei ist es der Guerilla nicht nur gelungen gegenüber der zweitgrössten NATO Armee über mehrere Jahrzehnte hinweg zu bestehen. Auch ist es ihr gelungen ihre strategischen und operativen Fähigkeiten soweit zu entwickeln, um auch in der Offensive gegen den Feind bestehen zu können. Die jüngsten Erfolge im Bereich der Luftoperationen und der Luftabwehr zeugen davon. Ebenso vermag die Guerilla auch unter den Augen des Feindes zu operieren und bis in sein Herz vorzudringen.
Der türkischen Armee ist es trotz zahlreicher Ankündigungen nicht gelungen die Guerilla zu zerschlagen und bis nach Kandil vorzustossen. Ihre Verzweiflung zeigt sie offen, indem sie immer wieder mit chemischen Waffen die Kriegstunnels der Guerilla angreift. Diese Situation hat sich nicht von Gestern auf Heute ergeben, sondern sich über viele Jahre herausgebildet. Sie zeugt hinlänglich von den Fähigkeiten der bewaffneten Kräfte sich stets selbst weiter zu entwickeln, die Kritik und Selbstkritik nicht zu scheuen und daraus Konsequenzen zu ziehen.
– Der revolutionäre Prozess –
Der revolutionäre Prozess vereint in sich zwei Seiten – die militärische und die politische Seite. Das eine kann ohne das andere nicht existieren und dennoch muss jeweils eine die führende Seite sein. Es gilt also zu erkennen, wann welche Seite die führende sein muss. Durch eine Verschiebung können sich politische Räume öffnen, welche mit Inhalten gefüllt werden können. So beispielsweise in Syrien durch den Sturz des Assad Regimes. Wer sich dort wie durchsetzen wird, wird sich noch zeigen müssen. Grundsätzlich haben wir Vertrauen darin, dass die Freund:innen vor Ort alles daran setzen werden, dass alles, was in den letzten Jahren in Rojava aufgebaut und erkämpft wurde, auch mit aller Kraft verteidigt wird.
Das der revolutionäre Prozess mehr Seiten kennt als die des militärischen, zeigt sich auch in der Geschichte der revolutionären Bewegungen. Weiter waren und sind Verhandlungen und Waffenstillstände seit jeher ein Teil des Krieges. Das dogmatische Festhalten am Alten muss zur Niederlage führen. Die Kunst, das Alte zum Neuen zu entwickeln, vollbringt man nicht in einem Handstreich, sondern prozessartig – sich den Umständen anpassen und dabei gleichzeitig den revolutionären Gehalt bewahren.
Für uns als revolutionäre Internationalist:innen in Europa gilt es, die fortschrittlichen Bewegungen weltweit mit aller Kraft zu unterstützen und wir stehen solidarisch Schulter an Schulter mit allen unterdrückten Völkern im Kampf gegen den Faschismus und Imperialismus. Wir müssen auf unsere eigene Kraft vertrauen und unsere eigene politische Linie weiterentwickeln. Der Feind – die Kriegsprofiteure und Kriegstreiber – steht nach wie vor im eigenen Land. Handeln wir nach dieser Maxime!
Widerstandsvernetzung Schweiz, März 2025
THE SITUATION IN KURDISTAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST FROM A REVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE
Following the developments of recent months, we as revolutionary internationalists are confronted with various questions and contradictions that need to be analysed. First and foremost, we would like to point out that the geopolitical situation in the wake of the imperialist wars is developing at a speed that makes it impossible for us to make precise predictions. It is important for us to recognise and understand what ishappening in general and to develop our next steps from this.
– The general development –
Abdullah Öcalan’s appeal calls for the dissolution and disarmament of the PKK. However, this is by no means unconditional and is not aimed at ending the struggle, but at a process of renewal of the movement. As a result, the military forces in the mountains have withdrawn and moved into a position of defence. Of course, they continue to exercise their right to self-defence. «We are capable of attacking Ankara if necessary,» as the commander Murat Karayılan clearly expressed the guerrillas› capabilities. Meanwhile, Turkey’s attacks are not only continuing unabated, they have even intensified. The whole thing has to be understood as a process, and in order to assess it correctly, we have to look at the current situation of the guerrillas in the mountains of Kurdistan, in Rojava, but also at the overall situation in the Middle East and geopolitical developments.
A lot has happened in the Middle East in the last year and a half: the collapse of the Syrian regime and the takeover by the jihadist militias of Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) under al-Dscholani, the genocide in Gaza by the Israeli army and its Western allies and the war in Lebanon, to name but a few. The weakening of the axis of resistance in turn led to the further isolation of the Iranian regime. The new order in the region has not yet been established.
Turkey is increasingly losing its role as the strongest regional power to the Israeli state, which in turn is supported by US imperialism. This development raises the question for Turkey of how to position itself in the Middle East in the future. Turkish fascism is responding to its political and economic crisis in an attempt to close its own ranks, i.e. to strengthen its internal front. The arrest of Ekrem İmamoğlu – the mayor of Istanbul – shows just how precarious the situation is inside Turkey. This arrest was just the last drop of oil that ignited the anger of the masses. Since then, they have taken to the streets and turned against Turkish fascism.
– The free mountains of Kurdistan –
The process that has been set in motion is not only the result of geopolitical developments in the region, but also of the direct military confrontation between the Turkish state and the guerrillas. Overall, the war situation in the mountains can be seen as a stalemate, which in itself represents a huge success for the guerrilla forces. The guerrillas have not only managed to hold their own ground against the second largest NATO army for several decades. It has also succeeded in developing its strategic and operational capabilities to the point where it is able to confront the enemy offensively. Recent successes in the field of air operations and air defence bear witness to this. The guerrillas are also capable of operating under the enemy’s nose and penetrating its heart.
Despite numerous announcements, the Turkish army has failed to crush the guerrillas and to advance to Kandil. It is openly showing its desperation by repeatedly attacking the guerrillas› war tunnels with chemical weapons. This situation has not come about overnight, but over many years. It is sufficient proof of the ability of the armed forces to constantly evolve, not to shy away from criticism and self-criticism and to draw consequences from them.
– The revolutionary process –
The revolutionary process unites two sides – the military and the political. One cannot exist without the other and yet one must be the leading side. Therefore, it is important to recognise when which side must be the leading one. A shift can open up political spaces that can be filled with content. This is the case in Syria, for example, with the fall of the Assad regime. It remains to be seen who will prevail there and how. Basically, we trust that our friends on the ground will do everything in their power to ensure that everything that has been built and fought for in Rojava in recent years is defended with all their might.
The history of revolutionary movements also shows that the revolutionary process has more sides than the military one. Moreover, negotiations and ceasefires have always been a part of war. Dogmatic clinging to the old is bound to fail. . The art of developing the old into the new is not achieved in one fell swoop, but through a process – adapting to the circumstances while preserving the revolutionary content.
As revolutionary internationalists in Europe, we must support progressive movements worldwide with all our strength and stand shoulder to shoulder in solidarity with all oppressed peoples in the struggle against fascism and imperialism. We must trust in our own strength and develop our own political line. The enemy – the war profiteers and warmongers – is still in our own country. Let us act according to this maxim!
Widerstandsvernetzung Switzerland, March 2025
THE SITUATION IN KURDISTAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST FROM A REVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE
Following the developments of recent months, we as revolutionary internationalists are confronted with various questions and contradictions that need to be analysed. First and foremost, we would like to point out that the geopolitical situation in the wake of the imperialist wars is developing at a speed that makes it impossible for us to make precise predictions. It is important for us to recognise and understand what ishappening in general and to develop our next steps from this.
– The general development –
Abdullah Öcalan’s appeal calls for the dissolution and disarmament of the PKK. However, this is by no means unconditional and is not aimed at ending the struggle, but at a process of renewal of the movement. As a result, the military forces in the mountains have withdrawn and moved into a position of defence. Of course, they continue to exercise their right to self-defence. «We are capable of attacking Ankara if necessary,» as the commander Murat Karayılan clearly expressed the guerrillas› capabilities. Meanwhile, Turkey’s attacks are not only continuing unabated, they have even intensified. The whole thing has to be understood as a process, and in order to assess it correctly, we have to look at the current situation of the guerrillas in the mountains of Kurdistan, in Rojava, but also at the overall situation in the Middle East and geopolitical developments.
A lot has happened in the Middle East in the last year and a half: the collapse of the Syrian regime and the takeover by the jihadist militias of Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) under al-Dscholani, the genocide in Gaza by the Israeli army and its Western allies and the war in Lebanon, to name but a few. The weakening of the axis of resistance in turn led to the further isolation of the Iranian regime. The new order in the region has not yet been established.
Turkey is increasingly losing its role as the strongest regional power to the Israeli state, which in turn is supported by US imperialism. This development raises the question for Turkey of how to position itself in the Middle East in the future. Turkish fascism is responding to its political and economic crisis in an attempt to close its own ranks, i.e. to strengthen its internal front. The arrest of Ekrem İmamoğlu – the mayor of Istanbul – shows just how precarious the situation is inside Turkey. This arrest was just the last drop of oil that ignited the anger of the masses. Since then, they have taken to the streets and turned against Turkish fascism.
– The free mountains of Kurdistan –
The process that has been set in motion is not only the result of geopolitical developments in the region, but also of the direct military confrontation between the Turkish state and the guerrillas. Overall, the war situation in the mountains can be seen as a stalemate, which in itself represents a huge success for the guerrilla forces. The guerrillas have not only managed to hold their own ground against the second largest NATO army for several decades. It has also succeeded in developing its strategic and operational capabilities to the point where it is able to confront the enemy offensively. Recent successes in the field of air operations and air defence bear witness to this. The guerrillas are also capable of operating under the enemy’s nose and penetrating its heart.
Despite numerous announcements, the Turkish army has failed to crush the guerrillas and to advance to Kandil. It is openly showing its desperation by repeatedly attacking the guerrillas› war tunnels with chemical weapons. This situation has not come about overnight, but over many years. It is sufficient proof of the ability of the armed forces to constantly evolve, not to shy away from criticism and self-criticism and to draw consequences from them.
– The revolutionary process –
The revolutionary process unites two sides – the military and the political. One cannot exist without the other and yet one must be the leading side. Therefore, it is important to recognise when which side must be the leading one. A shift can open up political spaces that can be filled with content. This is the case in Syria, for example, with the fall of the Assad regime. It remains to be seen who will prevail there and how. Basically, we trust that our friends on the ground will do everything in their power to ensure that everything that has been built and fought for in Rojava in recent years is defended with all their might.
The history of revolutionary movements also shows that the revolutionary process has more sides than the military one. Moreover, negotiations and ceasefires have always been a part of war. Dogmatic clinging to the old is bound to fail. . The art of developing the old into the new is not achieved in one fell swoop, but through a process – adapting to the circumstances while preserving the revolutionary content.
As revolutionary internationalists in Europe, we must support progressive movements worldwide with all our strength and stand shoulder to shoulder in solidarity with all oppressed peoples in the struggle against fascism and imperialism. We must trust in our own strength and develop our own political line. The enemy – the war profiteers and warmongers – is still in our own country. Let us act according to this maxim!
Widerstandsvernetzung Switzerland, March 2025
